The main problems of ancient philosophy

Ancient philosophy is represented by such famous thinkers as Socrates, Plato, Thales, Pythagoras, Aristotle and others. Antique thought evolved from space to man, giving rise to ever new trends that are still being studied by modern scholars.

Three periods of ancient philosophy

Ancient philosophy is of interest to many scholars and thinkers of our time. Currently, there are three periods of development of this philosophy:

- the first period - from Thales to Aristotle;

- the second period - the philosophy of the Greeks in the Roman world;

- The third period is Neoplatonian philosophy.

The first period is characterized by the development of philosophical teachings on nature. In the second period, the idea of ​​anthropological problems develops. The main role here is played by Socrates. The third period is also called the age of Hellenism. The subjective world of an individual is studied, the religious comprehension of the surrounding world.

Problems of Ancient Philosophy

If ancient philosophy is considered in aggregate, the problems can be defined as follows:

Cosmology. It was developed by natural philosophers studying nature and space. Natural philosophers talked about how the cosmos came about, why it is just like that, what is the role of man in this entire universal process. Gradually, thought shifts to the other side of the problem — man. So morality appears.

Morality. It was developed by sophists. The most important topic is the knowledge of the human world, its features. There is a transition from the universe to a specific person. By analogy with Eastern philosophy, statements begin to appear that knowing a person, you can know the world around him. The philosophical view goes inside the human world, in an attempt to find answers to global questions. In search of a connection between the visible and invisible world, metaphysical methods of cognition of the world arise.

Metaphysics. Her appearance is associated with the teachings of Plato. A famous scientist with his followers assures that being and reality are heterogeneous. Moreover, the ideological world is much higher than the sensual. Followers of metaphysical doctrine study the problems of the genesis and nature of cognition of the world. Entire branches of the doctrine appear - aesthetics, physics, logic. In the end, mystical-religious problems are formed that are characteristic of the final era of antiquity.