How to find prefixes in words

Many words have a prefix. It serves to form a cognate word. It is sometimes very difficult for children to find a prefix in a word. The reasons may be different. Firstly, in words there can be not one prefix, but two. Secondly, often the root is consonant with the prefix. Thirdly, the lexical meaning of the word is not clear, therefore it is difficult to pick up the one-root.

Instruction manual

one

Remember that in Russian there is a limited number of prefixes. Here they are: nad-, ot-, pod-, ob-, pre-, v-, s-, -, pro, do-, o-, na, pere-, without- (bes-), cart - (vos-), iz- (is-), niz- (nis-), raz- (ras-), through- (chres-), pre-, pri- and others.

2

Learn the composition of the word. Start at the root. To do this, pick up several root words. They must have different consoles or be without them at all. After that, find the part of the word that faces the root. For example, the word "moonless". One root words will be the words "moon" and "moon." Before the root there was a part of “without-”. This is likely to be the prefix. Compare it with the prefixes available in Russian.

3

There are several prefixes in words. To find and designate them, define the lexical meaning of the word and designate the root. In the word “recognize” the root is “know”. In front of him was part of the "location." There is no such prefix. Break this part into two: “races” and “by”. But there are such prefixes. Now check by removing the first one. It turned out to "learn."

4

Pay particular attention to words in which the prefix and root have a similar spelling. For example, "located", "fall", "overthrow." Define the lexical meaning of the word and designate the root. If you start right away with the prefix, you may mistakenly highlight the roots of "races", "bottom", "nis". But they are not here. In addition, the chance of making a spelling mistake increases.

5

In our language there are many words in which there are no prefixes, but the beginning of a word reminds them in harmony. In this case, also start by selecting cognate words and highlighting the root. So in the words "buddy", "president", "difference" there are no prefixes.

6

Prefixes with words are written together. Check if you made a spelling mistake. To do this, use an algorithm. Define a part of speech. Nouns can have both prefixes and prepositions. Compare: “to the alley” - “armor”, “at school” - “nature.” Adjectives and participles have only consoles. The prepositions that exist before them relate to nouns: “over a quiet river” - “over a darkening sky” - “sequential.” The pronouns and numerals do not have prefixes: the second, below me, with four, with you. The verbs have no prepositions, only prefixes: "ran away", "blackened", "jumped up".

Useful advice

In case of difficulty, refer to the "School word-formation dictionary of the Russian language", its author A.N. Tikhonov.